Electrolysis powered by PV solar of CO2 into acetate can increase plant yields by 4x compared to just sunlight. Technology and bioengineering of plants can improve it even more.

This can make cheap buildings powered by PV more cost effective than open land farming. No pesticides or fungicides, and less fertilizer use.

An important role that livestock provides is that of a food battery. Climate vulnerable crop yields allow for culling livestock when plant yield is more scarce. Indoor ag provides climate and seasonal resilient food output.